Budget Issues; Climate Issues; Farm Bill; Biofuels; and Political Notes

Posted By Keith Good On February 3, 2010 

Budget: Reactions to Executive Branch Agricultural Proposals

Bloomberg writer Alan Bjerga reported earlier this week that, “U.S. Department of Agriculture spending would rise 2.3 percent to $132.3 billion in fiscal 2011 as the number of people receiving aid to buy groceries, the USDA’s biggest expense, reaches records, the government said.

“The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, formerly called food stamps, will cost $75.3 billion in the year starting Oct. 1, up 3.9 percent from this year, accounting for most of the overall increase, according to the budget President Barack Obama sent to Congress today. Agricultural subsidies would fall 11 percent as the administration tries to limit payments to wealthy farmers.

“A record 37.9 million people, or about one of every eight Americans, received food stamps in October, as the jobless rate reached a 26-year high, the USDA said on Jan. 12. Participation in the program that month was up 22 percent from a year earlier, setting a record for the 11th straight month.”

Mr. Bjerga added that, “Under the president’s plan, funding for the Commodity Credit Corp., which makes farm-subsidy payments, would drop to $12.7 billion as income limits for eligibility are reduced by $250,000. Direct paymentsmade regardless of crop prices would be restricted to growers with farm incomes of less than $500,000, or non-farm income of less than $250,000.

“Similar ‘means tests’ were proposed in the previous budget and rejected by the House and Senate agriculture committees, which included the current requirements in the 2008 Farm Bill. House Agriculture Committee ChairmanCollin Peterson said Congress writes the budget, not the president.

“Congress isn’t interested ‘in making cuts to the Farm Bill after the battles we just fought to pass it a year and a half ago,’ the Minnesota Democrat said today in an e-mailed statement. [Sec. of Agriculture Tom Vilsack] said in response to Peterson’s comment that he was willing to work with Congress on payment limits.”

Bob Meyer reported yesterday at Brownfield that, “While there has been a lot of reaction to President Obama’s FY2011 budget proposals regarding agriculture, in the end it is Congress which writes the budget and House Ag Committee chair Collin Peterson says there is no interest in re-opening the farm bill to change farm program payments. ‘The minute we open any part of the Farm Bill it unites all of the conflicts and we are back to basically rewriting the farm bill.’ He says there is no desire on either side of the aisle to do that.

“Peterson told Brownfield’s Ken Anderson the proposed changes to crop insurance could be a different story. The Minnesota Democrat thinks there could be some changes made to ‘get at some of the regional imbalances in terms of profitability for companies and agents’ but he doesn’t agree with taking money out of the base line. He says they took a significant amount of money out of crop insurance in the 2008 Farm Bill and it would not be appropriate to take more out at this time.”

Yesterday’s update also included a portion of an interview that Brownfield’s Ken Anderson had with Chairman Peterson yesterday. To listen to Chairman Peterson’s comments on the budget from this discussion with Brownfield, just click here (MP3-3:20).

Meanwhile, Iowa GOP Senator Charles Grassley was a guest on yesterday’s AgriTalk Radio Program where the president’s budget proposal was a topic of discussion. To listen to a brief audio excerpt from yesterday’s AgriTalk program in which Sen. Grassley discusses payment limits and crop insurance issuesjust click here (MP3-4:06).

Dan Looker reported yesterday at Agriculture Online that, “The Obama administration found a bit of support across the aisle for part of its USDA budget proposals Tuesday. Senator Chuck Grassley of Iowa, the ranking Republican on the Finance Committee, said he wasn’t sure he liked a proposal to lower the payment limit on direct payments from $40,000 to $30,000, but he’s more inclined to support another idea, lowering eligibility for all farm program payments to individuals with adjusted gross income from farming of $500,000 or less. Currently the AGI cap is $750,000.

Grassley told reporters Tuesday that when it comes to lowering the cap on direct payments, ‘I haven’t studied the impact of that. I think it could be a negative. But it’s very much a positive on trying to tighten up payments to higher income people.’”

Mr. Looker added that, “Grassley also had doubts about the Obama administration’s plan to save $8 billion over 10 years by reducing the reimbursement to crop insurance companies.

“‘I’m not saying some money can’t be saved, but the policy I support is that we maintain a private sector (delivery of insurance),’ he said. Grassley said he wants to make sure that private delivery remains a reliable system. He doesn’t want to go back to having USDA in charge of all compensation to farmers for weather losses. ‘I think we’ve been successful at having 92% of Iowa farmers signed up. I want to maintain that.’”

Yesterday’s Agriculture Online article pointed out that, “The [administration’s] budget proposals are also drawing opposition from farm groups. The American Soybean Association said Monday that it’s disappointed in proposals to cut farm programs and eligibility for payments, as well as a proposed reduction the Market Access Program, which supports export promotion.

“National Farmers Union opposes cutting as much from crop insurance as the administration proposes but it supports its plan to increase funding for research.

American Farmland Trust objects to proposals to cut working lands conservation programs by nearly 20%.”

The National Cotton Council noted in a press release from yesterday that, “The National Cotton Council said today that President Obama’s FY2011 USDA budget ignores the extensive changes to production agriculture support that were embodied in the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008. In addition, the NCC noted, USDA already has announced unwarranted restrictions in program eligibility during the legislation’s implementation.

“NCC Chairman Jay Hardwick, a Louisiana cotton producer, said, ‘The President’s proposal on phasing down direct payments and limiting total payments affects the farms that produce more than three-fourths of all agricultural products marketed in the United States. The safety net for America’s farm families must be maintained. Congress spoke clearly to ensure sound agricultural policy that is fiscally responsible in the passage of the last farm law. Direct payments are compliant with the direction being taken in the World Trade Organization to reduce trade distorting support. The financing demands of commercial agriculture require a high level confidence by lenders in program availability. In the midst of a credit crisis, it makes no sense to threaten a vital component of the borrower’s cash flow.’”

news release issued yesterday by the Georgia Peanut Commission indicated that, “The Georgia Peanut Commission is encouraging Congress to reject the President’s Fiscal Year 2011 budget proposals to eliminate storage payments for peanuts and payment limitation reductions. Both the peanut storage payments and the compromise language for payment limitations were part of the 2008 Farm Bill agreement.

“‘The current program’s safety net does not cover all the costs associated with producing peanuts,’ says Armond Morris, chairman of the Georgia Peanut Commission. ‘To eliminate a significant part of the peanut program in the middle of a farm bill does not seem to be good agricultural policy. We are hopeful that Congress will reject the president’s proposals. If approved, this proposal would be devastating to American agriculture.’”

On the other hand, The Washington Post editorial board noted today that, “Any sensible plan for fiscal discipline would address the billions of dollars that the federal government lavishes each year on the Farm Belt. And, sensibly, President Obama has proposed agriculture subsidy cuts this year. His budget would reduce the cap on direct payments from $40,000 to $30,000 per farmer and limit eligibility to farmers making $500,000 a year or less from farming and $250,000 a year or less from other activities. Ten-year savings: $2.3 billion. Also, the president proposes reducing federal crop insurance subsidies by $8 billion over the next decade, which seems reasonable since the Agriculture Department estimates that the companies engaged in this taxpayer-backed business make an average annual return on equity of 17.1 percent.

“Now, before you get too excited about this, bear in mind that both of these quite modest suggestions are basically repeats of ideas that Mr. Obama offered — and Congress rejected — last year. In fact, they are reminiscent of proposals that his predecessor, George W. Bush, repeatedly floated, without success. What’s more, Mr. Obama appears to be lowering his expectations. Last year’s budget would have trimmed almost $10 billion from direct payments for better-off farmers — five times more spending restraint than this year’s budget seeks.”

The Post noted that, “Business as usual is leading the United States down the road to financial ruin. And the fatuous hypocrisy of self-proclaimed deficit hawks who then go to bat for welfare to well-to-do landowners is endangering us all.”

As the budget debate moves forward, an update posted yesterday at C-SPAN Online stated that, “Hearings began [Tuesday] on President Obama’s $3.8 trillion FY2011 budget proposal. Office of Management & Budget (OMB) Dir. Peter Orszag appeared before the House Budget Cmte., where members raised questions about the nat’l debt and the budget’s projected deficits. Also, Treasury Sec. Timothy Geithner testified before the Senate Finance Cmte. Committee.”

 

Climate Issues

An update posted yesterday at CQPolitics stated that, “President Obama is slated to speak to Senate Democrats on Wednesday during their annual issues retreat, as the party struggles to advance his agenda in a chamber where its majority is about to shrink.

“The president, who on Jan. 29 addressed House Republicans at their retreat in Baltimore, will head down Pennsylvania Avenue to the Newseum to address the Senate Democratic Caucus, which will drop from 60 members to 59 next week when Massachusetts Republican Scott Brown is sworn in.”

With respect to climate issues, and “comprehensive” energy legislation that the president called for in his State of the Union address, Wall Street Journal writer Elizabeth Williams reported today that, “President Barack Obama said for the first time Tuesday that legislation that would require industries to pay for emissions of greenhouse gases may need to be separated from a more popular ‘green jobs’ bill in the Senate, a maneuver that could kill what once had been one of the administration’s top policy priorities.

Answering a participant in a town-hall meeting in Nashua who asked about green jobs—those connected to renewable energy—and so-called cap-and-trade legislation, Mr. Obama said, ‘The only thing I would say about it is this: We may be able to separate these things out. And it’s possible that that’s where the Senate ends up.’

Until now, the Obama administration has refused to entertain in public the idea that lawmakers might have to split up the climate bill. The shift by the president is another sign that the White House is rethinking strategy on big first-year agenda items such as health care and climate legislation, after public dissatisfaction with its focus on those issues helped cost Democrats their filibuster-proof hold on the Senate last month.”

Ben Geman reported yesterday at The Hill’s Energy and Environment Blog that, “In his State of the Union address last week, Obama called for a ‘comprehensive’ energy and climate bill, and a White House official last month said the administration isn’t backing away from a combined energy and cap-and-trade plan.

A White House spokesman reaffirmed Tuesday evening that Obama supports moving climate and energy legislation as one package.

“But Obama suggested the two elements could be separated at the town hall in Nashua, N.H.”

Mr. Geman added that, “Sens. John Kerry (D-Mass.), Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) and Joe Lieberman (I-Conn.) are trying to craft a compromise bill that includes greenhouse gas limits and support for nuclear power, low-emissions coal technologies and wider offshore drilling.

But centrist Democrats wary of cap-and-trade – such as Sens. Blanche Lincoln (Ark.) and Byron Dorgan (N.D.) – have pushed for the Senate to take up energy legislation the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee approved in June, while shelving the emissions caps.”

Reuters writers Steve Holland reported yesterday that, “‘It is accurate that we are still working on precisely what carbon-pricing mechanism, what shape it will take,’ [Sen. John Kerry] said, adding, ‘We know we need to price carbon.’

“A Senate aide close to the negotiations told Reuters that the goal was to get a bill ready for floor debate by April, after the Environmental Protection Agency conducts an economic analysis of whatever compromise is produced.

“Meanwhile, independent Senator Joseph Lieberman told Reuters that he, Kerry and Republican Senator Lindsey Graham were ‘working to get to 60’ votes of support — the number needed to bypass opponents’ procedural hurdles and approve major legislation.”

“Asked when the senators might be able to unveil a compromise bill, Lieberman said, ‘Probably not before March.’”

 

Climate Issues: EPA Regulations

Robin Bravender of ClimateWire reported yesterday at The New York Times Online that, “Battle lines were drawn yesterday as the chief Senate architect of the U.S. EPA spending bill and state regulators backed a White House proposal to ramp up funding for programs to curb greenhouse gas emissions, and congressional opponents vowed to fight the agency’s efforts.

“‘I would support it,’ Senate Interior Appropriations Subcommittee Chairwoman Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) said yesterday of President Obama’s suggested $43 million boost for EPA programs to limit greenhouse gases in fiscal 2011. ‘There’s no question about greenhouse gas in my mind.’

“The White House yesterday requested $56 million — including $43 million in new funding — for EPA and states to curb greenhouse gas emissions through regulatory program.”

Yesterday’s article noted that, “Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.), ranking member of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, questioned whether climate regulations would move forward or get stalled in court battles. ‘Until such time as the lawsuits are filed … there may not be anything to do,’ Inhofe said, ‘And so why fund something that doesn’t exist? That, in my opinion, is premature.’

Rep. Earl Pomeroy (D-N.D.) vowed yesterday to fight during the appropriations process to remove any funding that would go toward EPA climate regulations. Pomeroy last month introduced a bill that would strip EPA of its authority to regulate greenhouse gas emissions unless the agency was provided explicit authority to do so by Congress.

Bravender also reminded readers that, “Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) has launched a bid in the Senate to effectively veto EPA’s power to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. She introduced a disapproval resolution last monthwith the backing of 36 Republicans and three moderate Democrats. Murkowski is expected to seek a vote on the resolution, which requires 51 votes to clear the chamber, next month.”

 

Climate Issues: EPA Regulations- Chairman Peterson Weighs In

Eric Roper reported yesterday at the Hot Dish Politics Blog (Minneapolis Star Tribune) that, “There seems to be little prospect of passing cap-and-trade legislation in the Senate this year, and Rep. Collin Peterson is fighting hard against what is seen as an alternative — having the EPA regulate greenhouse gas emissions.

“The Agriculture Committee Chair, who voted for cap-and-trade in the House and then said he didn’t support the billwas one of three lawmakers to introduce legislation today prohibiting the EPA from regulating greenhouse gas emissions.”

Mr. Roper noted that, “Why is Peterson doing this? First, he has been one of the agency’s most vocal criticsBut another possible motivation could be that if the EPA takes over the effort to curb greenhouse gasses there is little chance they would include his exemptions for agriculture.

“Earlier this year, Peterson withheld his support for the cap-and-trade bill in the House until Nancy Pelosi agreed to exempt agriculture from emissions caps and create a special exchange that would allow farmers to profit from greening their businesses.

While most farm groups are firmly against cap-and-trade legislation, they have praised Peterson for these exemptions. Their primary concern remains that the bill will unfairly heap costs on farmers by increasing energy prices.”

Recall that Ken Anderson of Brownfield interviewed Chairman Peterson yesterday (entire interview available here (MP3-14:00); to listen to the part of this discussion that focused on climate change issues, click here (MP3-3:09), and to listen to a portion of the Brownfield discussion that highlighted EPA issues, click here (MP3-2:57).

 

Farm Bill Hearings

Ken Anderson also discussed the next Farm Bill and upcoming Farm Bill hearings with Chairman Peterson yesterday, to listen to this part of yesterday’s Brownfield interviewjust click here (MP3-2:13).

Biofuels

Reuters writer Timothy Gardner reported yesterday that, “U.S. environmental regulators are expected to issue new rules that could fine tune targets for alternative motor fuels like grain-based ethanol and advanced biofuels to be blended into the country’s petroleum mix.

“The rules, known as the second Renewable Fuels Standard, or RFS2, may affect both ethanol made from corn and advanced fuels like cellulosic ethanol, which companies have begun to make from the tough bits of corn waste and non-food crops like switch grass and poplar trees.”

The Reuters article noted that, “The most controversial item the EPA is considering under RFS2 is how to measure greenhouse gas emissions due to land use changes from the expansion of food or biofuels croplands abroad caused by growing U.S. biofuels, known as indirect land use change. The ethanol industry fears ILUC could put some limits on production of transportation fuels made from grains.”

Political Notes

- “Former Indiana Sen. Dan Coats plans to announce Wednesday that he will challenge Democratic Sen. Evan Bayh in November, a senior Republican official told POLITICO.”

- “If the election were held today, Sen. Blanche Lincoln [D-Arkansas] would lose in a landslide, according to the latest polling from Public Policy….The poll shows 33% of voters would pick the Arkansas Democrat, while 56% would vote for Republican Rep. John Boozman. (From The Wall Street Journal’s Washington Wire Blog).

--
Keith Good
President
FarmPolicy.com, Inc.
Champaign, IL

(t) 217.356.2269

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